Up@dawn 2.0

Saturday, April 20, 2019

Study Guide

The exam will not include report quiz questions.

2. Did Descartes claim to know (at the outset of his "meditations") that he was not dreaming?

4. Pascal's best-known book is _____.

6. Pascal thought if you gamble on God and lose, "you lose ______."

8. What was the "takeaway" for '60s academics who turned away from reason and rationalism?

10. Tom Wolfe said the Jesus People of the '60s were what?

12. Even though his basic religious beliefs were not much different from Pat Robertson's and Jerry Falwell's, _____ seemed moderate by comparison.

2. If god is _____, there cannot be anything that is not god; if _____, god is indifferent to human beings.

4. According to John Locke, all our knowledge comes from _____; hence, the mind of a newborn is a ______. 

6. Locke's articulation of what natural rights influenced the U.S. Constitution?

8. Who were our first gun rights absolutists?

10. What pharmacological development, "available everywhere by 1965," made sex less "real"?

12. What did Sci-fi writer Philip K. Dick say that "fake realities will create?"

2. What German philosopher, with his "Principle of Sufficient Reason," agreed with the poet?

4. What 1755 catastrophe deeply influenced Voltaire's philosophy?

6. Was Voltaire an atheist?

8. (T/F) Hume's view was that it's occasionally more plausible to believe that a miracle (the unexplained suspension of a law of nature) has happened, than not.

10. Who pretended to slap and body-slam the head of the WWF on stage before entering politics?

12. 
What are the "two underlying Fantasyland features?"

14. Andersen links widespread "images of fantastical sexuality" with what normalization? 


2. What was Kant's great insight?



4. Kant said you should never ___, because ___. Kant called the principle that supports this view the ____ _____.

6. Who created a thought experiment that seems to refute Bentham's view of how pleasure relates to human motivation?

8. What Kantian view did Hegel reject?

10. What "blind driving force" did Schopenhauer allege to pervade absolutely everything (including us)?

FL 29-30
12. For what American president was "the world of legend and myth a real world"?

14. What percentage of Americans say they never doubt the existence of God?


2. Who is Christianity's most prominent "blame-the-victims horror story-teller"?

4. What percentage of Britons said they had no religion (in 2012)?

6. What did William James consider the profoundest of questions?

8. The holding of what two irreconciable things is the basis for life's "poisonousness" quality?  

10. Who or what finally––and continually!––decides the meaningfulness of life?



2. What view did Mill defend in On Liberty?

4. Who did Bishop Wilberforce debate at Oxford in 1860?

6. What scientific developments since Darwin's time establish evolution by natural selection as more than just a theory or hypothesis?

8. Why is faith irrational, according to Nigel Warburton?

10. Why was Karl Marx angry? How did he think the whole of human history could be explained?

12. What did Marx call religion?

FL

12. Who is most responsible for giving a platform and credibility to magical thinking?

AP
14. According to pragmatism, how should we judge truth?

16. James rejected anatomy's loss of the sense that human being was more than what?

2. Who said truth is what we would end up with if we could run all the experiments and investigations we'd like to? (And what's a word his name rhymes with?)

4. What 20th century philosopher carried on the pragmatist tradition? What did he say about the way words work?

6. Where did Nietzsche think Christian values come from?

8. How did Nietzsche differ from Kant but anticipate Freud?

10. The "talking cure" gave birth to what?

12. What was Karl Popper's criticism of Freudian psychoanalysis?

FL 35-36

14. What political scientist defends the veracity of people who say they were abducted by space aliens?

16. When did Thomas Jefferson say it was okay for people to believe whatever they want?

AP -77

18. More than allowing us to "do whatever," Viktor Frankl's "existenial vacuum" means we are what? 

Walking

20. According to Thoreau, unless we hear what sound of Nature our philosophy is "belated?" 

2. The idea of a barber who shaves all who don't shave themselves is a logical ______, a seeming contradiction that is both true and false. Another example of the same thing would be a statement like "This sentence is ___."

4. Humans don't have an _____, said Jean Paul Sartre, and are in "bad faith" like the ____ who thinks of himself as completely defined by his work.

6. When Simone de Beauvoir said women are not born that way, she meant that they tend to accept what?

FL
8. What was the message of The Courage to Heal?

10. Andersen says there's a line extending from flying saucer obsessives to what?

12. Who is both symptom and cause of conspiracism in America?

AP -119

14. How do analytic philosophers tend to understand philosophy?

2. What did the later Wittgenstein (of Philosophical Investigations) mean by "language games," what did he think was the way to solve philosophical problems, and what kind of language did he think we can't have?

4. What was Arendt's descriptive phrase for what she saw as Eichmann's ordinariness?

6. What is the Law of Double Effect? Many people who disagree with its principle--and with Thomson's violinist thought experiment--think that whatever our intentions we shouldn't play who?

FL

8. What do Pennsylvania and Tennessee formally require officeholders to believe?
AP

10. What great American poet agreed with James, Royce, and Santayana about the deeper meaning of  ordinary experience?

12. What did James say would be his first act of free will?

2. Under what circumstances would Rawls' theory permit huge inequalities of wealth between people?

4. What, according to Searle, is involved in truly understanding something?

6. What does Peter Singer say we should sacrifice, to help strangers?

8. How does Singer represent the best tradition in philosophy?

FL

10. What was the moment when the NRA "settled in deepest Fantasyland"?

AP
12. For what did William James argue in "The Moral Equivalent of War"?

14. What philosopher, seeing unity as achieved through conflict, disagreed with Schelling's "static substratum?" 

2. 1/3 of the people at theme parks are what?

4. A major argument of Andersen's book is that our dominant religion has become what?

6. "Magical thinking" is the tendency to believe what?

AP -208

8. Who defeated Teddy Roosevelt and Thomas Edison in 1913, and won a Nobel Prize in 1931?

10. What school brought "young children into contact with original literary sources" and who created this school?

2. What did candidate Drumpf understand "better than almost everybody"?



4. Philosopher Michael Lynch says repeated self-contradiction by politicians like Drumpf can dull our sensitivity to what?

AP
6. Who said that the "incessant preaching" of missionaries in China was "producing . . . a horde of hypocrites?" 
 
8. What is the "very old institution that sought to memorialize and counteract the tragedy of human finitude?"

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