Study Guide, exam 1

Guess I get the bonus run...

Exam 1 will be drawn from the even-numbered quiz questions, re-worded when necessary to fit the Answer Bank format (so don't try to just memorize these Qs-&-As, actually re-read the relevant texts). Also, someone said they'd made a quizlet? If you find it, caveat emptor... in the past, people have posted quizlets with errant answers. Beware.

1. Name two of the ways you can earn a base in our class. (See "course requirements" & other info in the sidebar & on the syllabus)

2. How many bases must you earn each class, to "circle the diamond" and claim your daily participation run on the scorecard?

3. How do you earn your first base in each class?

4. If you posted just one comment before class, what will you mark on the scorecard?

5. How can you earn bases on days when you're not present?

6. Suppose you came to class one day, turned on the computer/projector and opened the CoPhi site,and had posted a comment, a discussion question, an alternate quiz question, AND a link to a relevant YouTube video before class. Did you earn your daily participation run?

7. Did you have any "extra bases" in the scenario posed in the previous question?

8. How can you indicate extra bases on the scorecard?

9. What are Dr. Oliver's office hours? Where is his office? What is his email address?

10. What does James consider the most interesting and important thing about each of us?

11. How does James define "the philosophy which is so important in each of us"?

12. What's the difference between "tough- and tender-minded" philosophies?

13. What philosopher tried "to justify the ways of God to man, and to prove that the world we live in is the best of possible worlds", and what did James think of him?

14. According to the video "What is Philosophy For?," being wise means what?

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FL 1-2

15. What "remarkable phrase" was the catalyst for Kurt Andersen in writing Fantasyland?

16. Who coined "truthiness"?

17. Why does Andersen think Americans are so fantasy-prone?

18. What two big ideas of Martin Luther's set the stage for "Fantasyland"?

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1. When was the iconic Pale Blue Dot photo taken, and at whose instigation?

2. The pbd gives no hint of what?

3. What does Sagan say the pbd underscores?

4. What poet (noted in an epigraph below) said "the end of all our exploring will be to arrive where we started and know the place for the first time"?

5. What will be the anniversary significance of July 20, 2019 for today's topic?

6. What was on the Pioneer plaque?

7. What recorded aural object of wide cultural interest is now traveling beyond our solar system, aboard Voyager?

8. According to Neil deGrasse Tyson, what forms of kinship are clarified and embraced by the "cosmic perspective"?

9. Why should we keep Voyager in mind, according to Maria Popova?

10. What pace is quickening, in our time (said Carl Sagan)?

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1. What were Aristotle's followers called?

2. Who said his mind only worked with his legs?

3. Whose mentor called walking "gymnastics for the mind"?

4. Who had a "Sand-walk"?

5. How much does the average American walk?

6. Name a city with a "Philosophers' Walk".

FL 3-4
7. What was Sir Walter Raleigh's dream and fantasy, and what did he help invent?

8. By what has American civilization been shaped, according to historian Daniel Boorstin?

9. What English Enlightenment philosopher said humans tend to notice instances that confirm their prior superstitions and opinions but ignore ("neglect and pass by") those that do not?

10. Is America's founding mythology, the first nonnative new Americans who mattered were who?

11. What did the early Puritans predict was immanent?

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1. What cultural dichotomy exists in philosophy?

2. Rather than see God as transcendent ("outside the world") or immanent ("inside the world"), how do indigenous philosophies understand God?

3. What's one of Miguel van der Velden's reasons for why we should study indigenous philosophies?

4. Although they are very diverse, indigenous communities are commonly driven by what?

5. Scott Pratt thinks we should also recognize what about the origin of American philosophy?

6. According to Hegel, in what two places did human history/progress begin and end?

FL 5-6

7. What made Anne Hutchinson "so American"?

8. How was freedom of thought in early America different from that of Europe in the 17th century?

9. According to some Puritans, who were "Satan's soldiers" in America?

10. What "evidence" was the primary basis for judgments in the Salem witch trials?

11. Did most people in New England believe in witches, during the infamous Salem witch trials?

12. What's Protestantism's enduring influence?

1. How are Revel and Ricard related, and what is their philosophical difference?

2. What's the ultimate goal of Tibetan Buddhism?

3. What does Ricard say is the cause of suffering?

4.  Pain and suffering provide what opportunity in Buddhism?

5. Buddhism's metaphysical understanding of consciousness indicates what position regarding the nature of reality?

6. What caused Stephen Batchelor to leave Tibetan Buddhism?

FL 7-8
7. What did the Holy Spirit produce in "respectable people," during the Great Awakening?

8. What "intense supernatural feeling" did George Whitefield implant in American Christianity?

9. Why, according to Alexander Hamilton, did the framers omit God from the Constitution?

10. What, according to Kant, is the motto of enlightenment?

11. Enlightenment thinkers were sure that what would win in the "marketplace of ideas?"

12. What kind of questions "burden" human thought, but cannot finally be answered?

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1. The Pre-Socratics were recognized in antiquity as the first what?

2. What's inaccurate or problematic about the term "Pre-Socratic"?

3. What later philosopher identified the Pre-Socratics as his predecessors both chronologically and thematically?

4. Compared to Hesiod and Homer, what was different about how the Pre-Socratics saw the world?

5. Name the three Milesians along with their respective "first principles."

6. As material monists, the Milesian Pre-Socratics believed what about the "stuff" of reality?

FL 9-10

7. Charles Finney thought the main point was not Presbyterian doctrine but for people to what?

8. How did Thomas Jefferson characterize the religiosity of the South?

9. What "legend" about Thomas Jefferson and the Declaration of Independence did Ronald Reagan report as fact?


10. What was the 19th century "Woodstock for American Christianity"?


11. What French observer said no country in the world was as fanatically Christian as America?


12. The most interesting thing about Joseph Smith is what?


13. What does Dickens finish through an "amateur experience of houselessness?"


14. What disease leads to "a trembling of the limbs, somnolency, misery, and crumbling to pieces?"
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1. Democritus said everything is constructed of what?

2. Democritus' theory involved a "strong distinction between" what?

3. Diogenes of Apollonia (not to be confused with the Cynic) was said to be the last of what?

4. What evidence did Diogenes offer for his rejection of pluralism in favor of "one single thing?"

5. What pre-Socratic project did the Sophist Protagoras doubt?

6. The wide range of pre-Socratic thought includes what topics? 

Trevelyan

7. What's the reward for "an honest day's walk"? 

8. What comes in every person's youth and is best met with a "grim" walk?

FL 11-12

9. What did Arthur C. Clarke say about technology?

10. What's the upside of homeopathy?

11. Who invented a religion that said pain, suffering, and disease are not real? What is that religion?

12. What pseudoscience based psychological traits on "topographical details of a person's skull [felt] through the scalp?"

13. How did the California Gold Rush alter Americans' view of reality?

14. What job category can be traced to the inception of America?

15. How are Americans like ants and grasshoppers? 

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LH
1. What kind of conversation did Socrates consider a success?

2. What was wisdom, for Socrates?

3. It is mostly through what texts that we know the ideas and beliefs of Socrates?

4. With what Platonic theory does the parable of the cave connect?

5. Was it abstract or empircal reasoning that Plato valued more?

6. According to Plato, how was the ideal society organized? 

Atkinson

8. What sort of companions are needed for walking the field?

9. What might be like a "gentle transfusion from dull reality to universal reality?"

FL 13-14

10. What Englightenment attitude resulted in the tendency to "disbelieve official explanations?"

11. What do religious and conspiratorial explanations have in common?

12. What was the Freemasons' Secret, according to Ben Franklin?

13. How did many Northerners account for their side's early setbacks in the Civil War?

14. What novel idealized the South and was considered "an antidote to the abolition mischief?"

15. Who did Mark Twain blame for "measureless harm" that reversed southern progress and led to the Civil War?

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LH 2
1. What did Aristotle mean by "one swallow doesn't make a summer"?

2. In Raphael's School of Athens, who reaches out towards the world in front of him?

3. What does eudaimonia mean?

4. How can we increase our chance of eudaimonia?

5. Eudaimonia can only be achieved in relation to what?

6. How is "truth by authority" hostile to the spirit of philosophy?

JW

7. Hazlitt says the "soul of a journey" is what?

8. What happens "with change of place?"

FL 15, 16

9. The American pastoral ideal grew out of what?

10. Who called himself a transparent eyeball?

11. What extraordinary (and false) astronomical discovery was reported and widely believed in 1835?

12. What fundamental Fantasyland mindset was exploited and illustrated by the early career of P.T. Barnum?

13. What event celebrating the 400th anniversary of Columbus's arrival in the new world featured more than a dozen temporary, disposable, full-size facsimile neoclassical buildings?

14. What complex was founded in America over the course of nineteeth century?