Daily Quiz

Feb.19

1. Who won the National Book Award for Anarchy, State, and Utopia in 1974, later calling it "seriously inadequate" and himself "opinionful"? 

2. Who outlined five arguments or  Ways meant to demonstrate that God exists as an uncaused First Cause? 

3. Who wrote Proslogion and argued for the necessary existence of a being "than which none greater can be conceived"?

4. What argument, and whose, claims that the fact that we have an idea of God proves that God Actually exists?

5. Whose philosophy did Aquinas draw on to complement his religious musings? 

6. What is the difference between Aquinas'  and Aristotle's view of happiness and Jeremy Bentham's utilitarian view?

7. What 20th century philosopher was credited for "singlehandedly reviving political philosophy"? 

==

1. pg.98, 100 Robert Nozick. 2.  (Thomas Aquinas, LH pg. 49). 3. Anselm, LH pg. 46). 4. Anselm's Ontological Argument. 5. Aristotle PB p.30. 6. Bentham makes no distinction between happiness and pleasure  PB 31. 7. John Rawls (AP 105) 

ALSO OF NOTE:

What is the Experience Machine? Under what conditions would you choose to hook up to it?

What is Socrates' Elenchus? AP 104

FQ: According to Gaunilo of Marmoutiers, a monk, criticized Anselm's reasoning claiming it was what? 

DQ: What do you rather? The painter's example or the island example? 

http://www.iep.utm.edu/anselm/
^ the article is pretty lengthy, but the section about his life was fairly interesting.

FQ: What famous American Philosopher died at 63 of stomach cancer? AtP 105

FQ: The American Philosopher Robert Nozick payed homage to what great Philosopher in his writings? AtP 103

FQ: Who was the Italian priest, who later became Archbishop of Canterbury?
Anselm
FQ: what did Anselm claim to show with his ontological argument? 
The fact that we have an idea of god proves that god actually exist.
DQ: do you agree or disagree that we can be certain that god exists simply from the fact that we have an idea of god?
FQ: Anselm quoted from the ______ that only a fool would deny god's existence.
Psalms


http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-A6ztiAybOgU/UTNcdyNmTJI/AAAAAAAAAAY/rnK-1U1O37U/s1600/bitstrips.1.png


DQ: Why do you think Nozick's book "Anarchy, State, and Utopia" was so widely critiqued?

LINK: More about Aquinas 
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mz_iGGGMddw

LINK2: More about Nozick's book discussed.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uxRSkM8C8z4

DQ: Is there a concrete definition of what is "justice"?

Rawls Link:
http://www.ohio.edu/people/piccard/entropy/rawls.html

DQ: Do Aquinas' opinions on happiness lend more to an ethical, moral life than Bentham's?

LINK: http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/t/thomas_aquinas.html

FQ: Who argued that taxation without consent is compared to forced labor?
Nozick
DQ: Do humans have undeniable rights?
DQ: Can irresponsible actions under those rights warrant authorities the power to take them away?
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/421354/Robert-Nozick
http://web.missouri.edu/~johnsonrn/nozick.html

DQ- Do you believe we are all living a predestined life? Or are we truly granted free-will?

FQ: Aquinas' ethics is based mostly on the concept of what? (happiness)
FQ: For Aquinas the perfect happiness awaits where? (heaven)
DQ: Do you thing that humans are the only beings that belong in the moral community? 
Link: great article on Aquinas: http://www.pursuit-of-happiness.org/history-of-happiness/thomas-aquinas/

DQ-What do you think of the First Cause Argument? Do you believe that God could have been that "beginning" factor for the cosmos and everything we see or is there no reason to come to the conclusion that God is that factor?

FQ: What Century did Aquinas live in, was he Christian? (13th century, yes)
DQ: In what way did Thomas Aquinas differ from Aristotle, and in what ways did he compare to Aristotle?
LINK: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OBodUcshdFg interesting video about Aquinas Proof of an existing God

FQ: Why did Nozick feel that life or living is not the kind of topic that philosophers feel is necessarily rewarding? (answer: because it doesn't provide "clear standards of success." pg. 100)

DQ: Why do you think philosophizing about "life or living" isn't considered to be rewarding by Nozick?

Link: Here's a link to a Yale University lecture that does a quick mind experiment suggested by Robert Nozick called "the experience machine."
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kSs5waj3h2Y

Anarchy, State, and Utopia
Link: http://www.iep.utm.edu/nozick/

DQ: Does Belief in Free Will Make Us Better People?

Robert Nozick sketched a view of how free will is possible
Link: http://www.informationphilosopher.com/solutions/philosophers/nozick/

DQ: Do you believe what Thomas Aquinas said about there having to be an "uncaused cause" that was the start of everything?

Link: Here's a little bit more detail on Aquinas's Five Ways.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OBodUcshdFg

Okay so I wrote about Philosophy Bites "Anthony Kenny on Thomas Aquinas Ethics."

(PB Kenny pg. 29-36)
FQ: Which philosophers wrote about the existence of God?
FQ: Who were the begging friars and preaching friars, and what did they shape?
FQ: Like Aristotle, what are Aquinas' ethics based on?
FQ: Where does Aquinas believe an individual achieves "perfect happiness?"
FQ: What form of ethics used today was founded by Jeremy Bentham?
FQ: Based on Bentham's beliefs that the fundamental principles of ethics depend on pleasure and pain, what else must belong to the same moral community as humans?
FQ: What does Kenny say it means if something is not part of our own moral community?
FQ: What virtues does Aquinas claim as non-conflicting with Aristotelian virtues?
FQ: What two forms of law does Kant believe in?
FQ: What did Bentham believe consequences were a test of?
FQ: Who often discussed the role of the conscience and questioned whether or not you should always obey it?
FQ: What two forms of theology does Aquinas make a sharp distinction between?
FQ: How does Aquinas begin his treatment of a topic?
(Sorry for the 13 questions, but since I was the only one who volunteered for PB, I put in some work for those bases)

DQ: If you are thinking as a utilitarian, when could torture and rape be justified?

LINK: http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/aquinas/
This is a link to Stanford University's Encyclopedia of Philosophy entry for Thomas Aquinas. Check it out if you want to learn more about him.

FQ: What was the ethic that Aquinas's shared with Aristotle? 
DQ: What do you guys think about Aquinas's? Like/Don't like? 
Link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mz_iGGGMddw 
^Cool little fan made video on Aquinas. 

FQ: Where did Robert Nozick teach?
DQ: Robert Nozick's first book has the thesis "that taxation with out consent is forced labor, that the state should leave "capitalists acts by consenting adults" alone." Agree, disagree, why?