Up@dawn 2.0

Monday, October 28, 2013

Exam #2

Re-read the relevant texts, to prepare for the exam. The extra credit discussion question I'll suggest, though you're free to supply your own relevant DQ from our October classes:

Summarize the dispute between Voltaire and Leibniz. What did they disagree about, and why? What did Leibniz mean when he said we have no windows? What did Voltaire mean when he said we must cultivate our garden?

OR,

Do we know the world directly, or just our ideas? Is there a real distinction between primary and secondary qualities, in our experience? What were the views of Locke, Berkeley, Hume on these issues? What's "radical" about James's Radical Empiricism, with respect to such questions?

Remember also to post Qs & links for W/Th. We'll do the exam first, then discuss Kant et al. 

Highlanders 10 questions

H1

Which philosopher believed that anything that ceases being observed ceases to exist?
(Answer: George Berkely)

Voltaire's famous book was? (Answer: Candide)

Which philosopher believed that God is the world? (Answer: Baruch Spinoza)

What philosopher invented the literary form known as the essay? (Answer: Michel De Montaigne)

What philosopher questioned if everything you know is reality or just a dream? (Answer: Descartes)

Which "Modern" American Philosopher revived pragmatism in American philosophy? (Answer: Rorty)

Who wrote 'Anarchy, State, and Utopia (1974)', and taught philosophy at Harvard University? (Answer: Nozick)

Which philosopher was occasionally cited as the father of "the institutional theory of art?" (Answer: Danto)

George Berkley was seen as a idealist and an _____because he denied that physical things exist. (Answer: immaterialist)

Which philosopher is famous for his "wager" approach to religion and faith? (Answer: Pascal)

H2

Yoooo guys. Here's the list... I think I got them all.

-Who stated that one cannot "deduce values from facts"?
Answer: Hilary Putnam
-Who attempted to disprove Berkeley's theory of object permanence by kicking a stone? (Samuel Johnson) 
-what philosopher had the theory of immaterialism? (Berkeley)
-Spinoza believed nature and God were one in the same... (True!)
-Who believed that over a life each of us remain the same 'man'?- John Locke
-what did Spinoza do for money?
Answer: He was a lens grinder. 
-what philosopher believed that government's job is to protect life, liberty, and property? (Locke) 
-Who wrote the Letter on Toleration? (John Locke)
-Pascal considered himself a philosopher... (False! He considered himself a theologian and believed philosophers knew barely anything at all) 
-Who does the term "post-Cartesian philosophers" refer to? (Answer: Philosophers that came after Renee Descartes.)
-Richard Rorty urged academic collegues to abandon what?
Answer: epitemology
-Whose philosophy was summed up in the phrase "I think, therefore I am"- Descartes
-who is often called the founder of modern philosophy?(Descartes)

H3

FQs and summary post for the Nameless Wanderers

We went ahead and narrowed ours down to the top ten, so here they are:

Who propounded the Trademark Argument? Rene Descartes.

What was Descartes's most famous philosophical work? Meditations on Philosophy.

Who was one of the first pantheists who was excommunicated from the synagogue for his views? Baruch Spinoza.

Who wrote "Ethics"? Spinoza.

How did Spinoza die? Lung disease.

What did Spinoza believe in? "God of Nature."

What was George Berkeley's profession? He was Bishop of Cloyne.

What is Voltaire best known for? Candide.

What are the "primary qualities" according to John Locke? Physical characteristics, such as colour, size, shape, etc.

True or False: Pascal was Christian.

Now, post for this class:

We spent a fair amount of our time going through our factual questions, so we didn't have much time for discussion. However, we did talk about Berkeley's  notion that the only real things are ideas, which we all agreed was rather ridiculous. Kayla noted that, according to Berkeley, Shannon would only exist (to Kayla) as a collection of ideas, and that Kayla only exists for Shannon as a collection of ideas in Shannon's mind. I mentioned that the notion demands an explanation for objective reality: How can we know of ourselves when we only exist in other people's minds?

The A-Team: Section 16


Exam 2 Review Questions:

1.      What college was named after George Berkeley? (UC Berkeley)

2.      Which eighteenth believed that we can only know the result of a future event by drawing on past experience? (David Hume)

3.      What was Berkeley's philosophy called? (Immaterialism)

4.      Which American philosopher enrolled at the University of Chicago at the age of 14? (Rorty)

5.      What philosopher believed an object ceased to exist when no one is observing it?(Berkeley)

6.      Who believed God is everything and believed God is nature? (Spinoza)

7.      Which American philosopher's work "Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature" criticized modern epistemology? (Rorty)

8.      Spinoza was a ____? (Rationalist)

9.      ________ is defined as, projecting human qualities, such as compassions, on non-human being. (Anthropomorphism)

10.  What area of philosophy was Berkeley famous for? (Metaphysics)

NO SOX: GROUP FACTUAL AND DISCUSSION QUESTIONS

I will be updating this post day-to-day as more questions are commented so check back frequently!

FACTUAL:



1. Which philosopher from Group 2's presentation has a computer software named after them? (Pascal)




2. What was Pascal's view of humanity? (Pessimistic)




3. Pascal switched from work in mathematics and science to write about what religion and what where the beliefs? (Jansenism, believed in predestination)



4. What state of matter did Pascal's law apply to? (Liquid)


5. What philosopher discussed multiple personally disorder? (Locke)


6. Rorty was extrapolating from whose suggestion that "fascism may be the American future." (Edward Luttwak)


7. What was Rorty's pragmatic answer to relativism? (that it doesn't exist in the real world)


8. Which Philosopher was described as an idealist and immaterialist? A: George Berkeley


9. What philosopher has a well know university named after them? (Berkeley)

==

Sec 17 Group 1's FQs


What were the years of David Hume? (1711-76)

Descartes believed that God could be proven with ________, while Pascal believed that the belief in God was a matter of the ________ and _______. (logic; heart, faith)

What was Rorty's characterization of pragmatism? A: anti-essentialism applied to notions like truth, knowledge, and similar objects of philosophical.

What were John Lockes dates of life? (1632-1704)

What is the state in which you are sleeping but you dream that you're awake and carrying on with normal day life, until suddenly you realize you're in a dream? (false awakenings)

what where the years of george berkeley's life? )1685-1753)

What was the point Twitchell made in Carnival Culture? A: we are losing the ability to distinguish between refined and vulgar.

What does Descartes seek? Certainty... what one can know for certain. What would be required to claim knowledge. He first proves that he exists.

Who said que scais-je? Montaigne... denies need for certainty. Questions the extent of his knowledge.

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